National Plan

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Summary of China Urbanization plan for 2014-2020

A national plan (2014-2020), the first of its kind, was unveiled on March 16, 2014,by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and the State Council, the country’s Cabinet. Urbanization is the road that China must take in its modernization drive, and it serves as a strong engine for sustainable and healthy economic growth.

The plan says, China’s permanent urban residents make up 53.7 percent of its population, lower than the developed nations’ average of 80 percent and the average of 60 percent in developing countries with similar per capita income levels as China. By 2020, permanent urban residents will reach about 60 percent of the population, while residents with city “hukou” should account for about 45 percent of the total population. China has vowed to help 100 million migrant workers and other permanent urban residents to obtain urban household.

The plan also highlights ecological progress and urbanization quality. Some cities have planned super-high buildings to improve efficiency in land use, but it takes a lot of fossil energy to bring water to a floor hundreds of meters high, making them “pseudo-low-carbon”. China will boost construction of green cities, using ecological advancements in urban development to create green production modes, green lifestyle and green consumption modes.

This is China’s first official plan on urbanization, showcasing great significance the government attaches to a human-centered and environmental-friendly urbanization process.

Major objectives

  • Permanent urban residents rose from 17.9 percent of the total population in 1978 to 53.7 percent in 2013. By 2020, permanent urban residents should reach 60 percent of the populace, while three quarters of those residents will have “hukou” (household registration).
  • The leading role of major cities will be emphasized, while increasing the number of small and medium cities. The service functions of small towns will be improved.
  • Expressways will link cities with over 200,000 residents by 2020, and high-speed rail will connect those with above 500,000 residents. Civil aviation services will cover about 90 percent of China’s population.
  • The urban environment will be harmonious and pleasant with basic public services accessible to all permanent urbanites. Green production and consumption will be the norm in the urban economy. Clean air and safe drinking water will be available for all.
  • The systems of household registration, land management, social security, taxation and general administration will be improved.

Significance

— Strong impetus for sustainable economic growth

— Accelerates industrial restructuring

— Solves agricultural problems

— Balances regional development

Basic Principles

— People at the center

— Social justice

— Balanced rural and urban development

— Optimized city layouts

— Efficient use of land

— Coordination with information, industrialization and agricultural modernization

— Green development

— Cultural heritage emphasized through the distinctive characteristics of each city

Chinese Version  中文版本如下

中国新型城镇化规划(2014-2020)简介

《国家新型城镇化规划(2014-2020年)》已于3月16日正式颁布。这是中共中央委员会(中共)和国务院,中国的内阁颁布实施的首份城镇化规划,城市化是中国现代化建设必须走的道路,也是经济持续健康发展的强力引擎。

该计划说,中国城镇居民常住人口占53.7%,低于发达国家80%的平均水平和一些人均收入类似中国的发展中国家60%的平均水平。计划到2020,永久的城市居民将达到总人口的60%左右,而城市“户口”应占总人口45%左右的居民。中国已经承诺要帮助1亿名农民工和其他城市永久居民获得城市户口。

该计划还强调了的生态化建设过程与城市化质量。虽然一些城市计划建造的超高层建筑提高了土地利用效率,但将水从底层输送到百层高度耗费大量的能源,这是一种伪“低碳”。中国将推进绿色城市建设,城市的生态发展以创造绿色生产模式,绿色生活方式和绿色消费模式。

这是中国第一次关于城市化的官方计划,展现了政府重视以人为本的、环境友好的城市化进程。

主要目标:

–城镇永久居民的比例从1978年占总人口的17.9%提升到2013年的53.7%。到2020年,城市永久居民应占到60%的总人口,而75%的居民将有“户口”(户籍)。

–主要城市的主导作用将更加强化,中小城市数量会增多,小城镇的服务功能将得到改善。

–计划到2020年,高速公路将连接200,000以上的城市居民,高速铁路将连接超过500,000的居民。民航服务将覆盖约90%的中国人口。

–我们向所有永久居民创建愉快和谐的城市环境与完善基础公共服务。绿色生产和消费将成为城市经济中的规范。保障所有居民洁净的空气和饮水安全。

–户籍制度,土地管理,社会保障,税收和日常行政都将得到改进。

意义

–全力促进可持续经济增长

–加快工业结构调整

–解决农业问题

–平衡区域发展

基本原则

–以人为核心

–公平公正

–平衡城市和农村之间的发展

–优化城市结构

–有效利用土地

–必须结合信息化、产业化和农业现代化

–绿色开发

–根据地区特点强调每个城市的文化传承